Wentz-Graff Media

Storytelling: Abandoning Our Mentally Ill

Three decades ago, after losing a lawsuit at the US Supreme Court, Milwaukee County led the nation in ushering patients with severe mental illness out of institutions and into the community. While the court case was about civil liberties, public institutions soon discovered an unintended consequence: They could save money by giving psychotic and heavily medicated patients a monthly allowance and leaving them to fend for themselves on the streets.  

However, no one made sure there were clean, safe, affordable places for these vulnerable people to live. 

Click for a PDF of the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel series. 

  • Bessie Johnson sits on a bare mattress soaked in her own urine, January 18, 2006, where she has lived for over 5 years at a boarding home in Milwaukee.
  • Brenda Sheridan looks out the window of her window, which was covered in thick gauge plastic by the landlord.  Brenda says it makes her sad not to be able to look outside, and she is afraid to go outside, so instead just stares at the blurry images through the plastic.
  • A plate full of undercooked eggs and soggy fruit salad are put out at the boarding home of Lois Wimmer in Milwaukee, for breakfast. Residents pay $550 per month for food and rent, and the food is often gleaned from business garbage cans by the landlord. {quote}It's not my job  to babysit these people,{quote} says Wimmer, who has been cited numerous times for building violations including rats, overcrowding and open sewage.
  • Debra Rhodes keeps one foot bare due to poor hygiene conditions, despite freezing temparatures inside the facility where she lives. Rhodes, who has schizophrenia, has a caseworker who visits her and is supposed to be monitoring her health.
  • Four tenants share this bathroom at a boarding house in Milwaukee, all with severe mental illness. The landlord does not maintain the facility, leaving the bathroom unclean with a razor and bloody tissue lying on the floor. Six of the landlord's tenants have died in her 16 years of business and the City of Milwaukee continues to house clients at her facilities.
  • Maxine Lane sorts out her medication under the supervision of her case manager. Regulation of medication is left up to individuals although many are on a variety and large quantities of pills. Good case managers often help sort out the pills during visits, but there are many who are left to figure it out on their own.
  • London Scott and Sandra Scott stand in the smoke damaged hallway outside of their Milwaukee apartment, February 20, 2006. A fire in the neighboring apartment on two months previous left extreme smoke and water damage, as well as broken windows, none of which has been repaired by the landlord who was on the Milwaukee County Board of Supervisors. They are the only ones living in the apartment complex and due to limited finances, are unable to leave.
  • When patients are able to secure a place to live, it's typically in some of the worst neighborhoods in the city. Ronda Rockette (right) and her son Elijah, 4, peer out of their living room window to see the source of a suspicious noise. Ronda has schizophrenia and does not take her medication often, causing her to be extremely paranoid. She is struggling to raise her three children in a dangerous part of the city. Elijah recently witnessed a shooting in his backyard outside of the window.
  • Dawn Powell stands in front of one of her 4 boarding-room houses. No tenants are currently living in that house after one resident died last year due to safety violations that Powell did not fix. Her residences have received numerous health and safety violations but often are not followed through by the city. She currently has 8 tenants that she provides breakfast and dinner to. {quote}As a home owner and a rental person, I would rather deal with people that kind of have mental problems,{quote} says Powell.
  • Landlord Dawn Powell, far left, is handed money to buy supplies for tenants at their Milwaukee home, January 31, 2006. Both Susan, center left, and Bessie, right, were patients at the mental hospital as a result of their chronic mental illness. Although both women have caseworkers, their lifes really are in the hands of the landlord, who is supposed to provide shelter and food.
  • In addition to Georgia Rawlings's schizophrenia, she is plagued by poor physical health. The Milwaukee woman has difficulty walking, and grasps the wall for support as she tries to navigate the steps to her Milwaukee home. She was lucky to find a home to rent on her limited income but struggles to live in a facility that is non-ADA compliant.
  • Willie Teague tells the story of watching his friend David Rutledge take a fatal beating at the hands of a gang in 2004. Willie saw the beating take place just half a block from his and David's boarding house. {quote}Don't let me die, Willie,{quote} Rutledge said, but he passed away four days later. The boarding house is in one of the most violent and drug infested parts of town and the mentally ill are frequent victims of crimes.
  • Carol O'Brien mourns the loss of her son Scott, who died while in the care of the mental hospital. O'Brien tried desperately to get help for her son Scott and find him a safe and stable living environment. But Scott needed supervision and local housing facilities for the mentally ill do not offer the type of care he needed. She was finally successful in having Scott temporarily hospitalized at the mental hospital where he committed suicide though he was on suicide watch. Years after this photo was made of Carol, she was still struggling to cope with the loss of her son Scott, and she too committed suicide.
  • Some groups are trying to reach out to the mentally ill population and help. The Milwaukee Center for Independence is one example of the community stepping in to help deal with the city's mentally ill. Nurse Charlie Rush, right, talks with client Marilyn Brown, 67, in her home,  during a regular home visit. By helping patients monitor their mental and physical health, they can stay in their homes longer and be more productive in the community. Marilyn has diabetes and schizophrenia.
  • The Guest House, a homeless shelter, has been able to secure government funds to help people like Stan Patterson secure safe housing. Stan, who has major depression and other mental illnesses, is proud of his life and placed all his certificates from programs he has completed at The Guest House in the entry way of his Milwaukee apartment.
  • Some people, such as Diane Gronowski, center, who has schizophrenia, have built their own support network. Janet's caseworker Janet Van Peursem, left, is dedicated and caring, helping Diane with all facets of her life. Joe Asad, right, and his wife Nancy have created a small place for Diane to live in the back of their grocery store, have given her a job at their laundromat, and given her a lot of support.
  • Sister Ann Catherine Veierstahler, who lives with mental illness herself, stops in to visit Bessie Johnson at her new residence. Sister Ann knows first-hand the stigma of living with mental illness, and makes efforts to help all she can. Bessie was relocated from her previous boarding house, to the second worst one in the city.
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    • Abandoning Our Mentally Ill
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